This article is a comprehensive review of 193nm immersion lithography. It focuses on the materials and processes rather than the optical system of the tool. The article covers the history and current status of the...

This site answers several common questions about rainbows, their formation, and their appearance. Diagrams along with descriptions are provided in each section. Example experiments are included.

This page from Hyperphysics contains images depicting the light emitted by several elements and their respective spectra. The page also provides a description of how the size of a holographic image scales with the...

At this site students are reminded that the study of atoms and their characteristics overlap several different sciences and that chemists, physicists, and astronomers all must understand the microscopic scale at which...

This site is a comprehensive primer focused on the basic optical microscope, as well as the electron, confocal, polarizing, and stereoscopic microscopes. Virtual microscopes allow the user to simulate the use of a...